Authentication, Authorization, and ACLs
Set up HTTP basic auth and ACLs for access to controller and broker
Apache Pinot 0.8.0+ comes out of the box with support for HTTP Basic Auth. While disabled by default for easier setup, authentication and authorization can be added to any environment simply via configuration. ACLs can be set on both API and table levels. This upgrade can be performed with zero downtime in any environment that provides replication.
For external access, Pinot exposes two primary APIs via the following components:
- pinot-controller handles cluster management and configuration
- pinot-broker handles incoming SQL queries
Both components can be protected via auth and even be configured independently. This makes it is possible to separate accounts for administrative functions such as table creation from accounts that are read the contents of tables in production.
Additionally, all other Pinot components such as pinot-server and pinot-minion can be configured to authenticate themselves to pinot-controller via the same mechanism. This can be done independently of (and in addition to) using 2-way TLS/SSL to ensure intra-cluster authentication on the lower networking layer.
If you'd rather dive directly into the action with an all-in-one running example, we provide an AuthQuickstart runnable with Apache Pinot. This sample app is preconfigured with the settings below but only intended as a dev-friendly, local, single-node deployment.
The configuration of HTTP Basic Auth in Apache Pinot distinguishes between Tokens, which are typically provided to service accounts, and User Credentials, which can be used by a human to log onto the web UI or issue SQL queries. While we distinguish these two concepts in the configuration of HTTP Basic Auth, they are fully-convertible formats holding the same authentication information. This distinction allows us to support future token-based authentication methods not reliant on username and password pairs. Currently, Tokens are merely base64-encoded username & password tuples, similar to those you can find in HTTP Authorization header values (RFC 7617)
This is best demonstrated by example of introducing ACLs with a simple admin + user setup. In order to enable authentication on a cluster without interrupting operations, we'll go these steps in sequence:
1. Create "admin" and "user" in the controller properties
# Create users "admin" and "user". Keep in mind we're not enforcing any ACLs yet.
controller.admin.access.control.principals=admin,user
# Set the user's password to "secret" and allow "READ" only
controller.admin.access.control.principals.user.password=secret
controller.admin.access.control.principals.user.permissions=READ
# Set the admin's password to "verysecret"
controller.admin.access.control.principals.admin.password=verysecret
2. Distribute service tokens to pinot's components
For simplicity, we'll reuse the admin credentials as service tokens. In a production environment you'll keep them separate.
Controller
Broker
Minion
Server
# Enable the controller to fetch segments by providing the credentials as a token
controller.segment.fetcher.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
# "Basic " + base64encode("admin:verysecret")
# no tokens required
segment.fetcher.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
task.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
pinot.server.segment.fetcher.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
pinot.server.segment.uploader.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
pinot.server.instance.auth.token=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
Restart the affected components for the configuration changes to take effect.
3. Enable ACL enforcement on the controller
controller.admin.access.control.factory.class=org.apache.pinot.controller.api.access.BasicAuthAccessControlFactory
After a controller restart, any access to controller APIs requires authentication information. Whether from internal components, external users, or the Web UI.
4. Create users and enable ACL enforcement on the Broker
# the factory class property is different for the broker
pinot.broker.access.control.class=org.apache.pinot.broker.broker.BasicAuthAccessControlFactory
pinot.broker.access.control.principals=admin,user
pinot.broker.access.control.principals.admin.password=verysecret
pinot.broker.access.control.principals.user.password=secret
# No need to set READ permissions here since broker requests are read-only
After restarting the broker, any access to broker APIs requires authentication information as well.
Congratulation! You've successfully enabled authentication on Apache Pinot. Read on to learn more about the details and advanced configuration options.
Apache Pinot's Basic Auth follows the established standards for HTTP Basic Auth. Credentials are provided via an HTTP Authorization header. The pinot-controller web ui dynamically adapts to your auth configuration and will display a login prompt when basic auth is enabled. Restricted users are still shown all available ui functions, but their operations will fail with an error message if ACLs prohibit access.
If you're using pinot's CLI clients you can provide your credentials either via dedicated username and password arguments, or as pre-serialized token for the HTTP Authorization header. Note, that while most of Apache Pinot's CLI commands support auth, not all of them have been back-fitted yet. If you encounter any such case, you can access the REST API directly, e.g. via curl.
CLI Arguments
CLI Token
HTTP Headers
$ bin/pinot-admin.sh PostQuery \
-user user -password secret \
-brokerPort 8000 -query 'SELECT * FROM baseballStats'
$ bin/pinot-admin.sh PostQuery \
-authToken "Basic dXNlcjpzZWNyZXQ=" \
-brokerPort 8000 -query 'SELECT * FROM baseballStats'
$ curl http://localhost:8000/query/sql \
-H 'Authorization: Basic dXNlcjpzZWNyZXQ=' \
-d '{"sql":"SELECT * FROM baseballStats"}'
Pinot-controller has supported custom access control implementations for quite some time. We expanded the scope of this support in 0.8.0+ and added a default implementation for HTTP Basic Auth. Furthermore, the controller's web UI added support for user login workflows and graceful handling of authentication and authorization messages.
Controller Auth can be enabled via configuration in the controller properties. The configuration options allow the specification of usernames and passwords as well as optional ACL restrictions on a per-table and per-access-type (CREATE, READ, UPDATE, DELETE) basis.
The example below creates two users, admin with password verysecret and user with password secret. admin has full access, whereas user is restricted to READ operations and, additionally, to tables named myusertable, baseballStats, and stuff in all cases where the API calls are table-specific.
controller.admin.access.control.factory.class=org.apache.pinot.controller.api.access.BasicAuthAccessControlFactory
controller.admin.access.control.principals=admin,user
controller.admin.access.control.principals.admin.password=verysecret
controller.admin.access.control.principals.user.password=secret
controller.admin.access.control.principals.user.tables=myusertable,baseballStats,stuff
controller.admin.access.control.principals.user.permissions=READ
This configuration will automatically allow other pinot components to access pinot-controller with the shared admin service token set up earlier.
If
*.principals.<user>.tablesis not configured, all tables are accessible to <user>.Pinot-Broker, similar to pinot-controller above, has supported access control for a while now and we added a default implementation for HTTP Basic Auth. Since pinot-broker does not provide a web UI by itself, authentication is only relevant for SQL queries hitting the broker's REST API.
Broker Auth can be enabled via configuration in the broker properties, similar to the controller. The configuration options allow specification of usernames and passwords as well as optional ACL restrictions on a per-table table basis (access type is always READ). Note, that it is possible to configure a different set of users, credentials, and permissions for broker access. However, if you want a user to be able to access data via the query console on the controller web UI, that user must (a) share the same username and password on both controller and broker, and (b) have READ permissions and table-level access.
The example below again creates two users, admin with password verysecret and user with password secret. admin has full access, whereas user is restricted to tables named baseballStats and otherstuff.
# the factory class property is different for the broker
pinot.broker.access.control.class=org.apache.pinot.broker.broker.BasicAuthAccessControlFactory
pinot.broker.access.control.principals=admin,user
pinot.broker.access.control.principals.admin.password=verysecret
pinot.broker.access.control.principals.user.password=secret
pinot.broker.access.control.principals.user.tables=baseballStats
,otherstuff
If
*.principals.<user>.tablesis not configured, all tables are accessible to <user>.Similar to any API calls, offline jobs executed via command line or minion require credentials as well if ACLs are enabled on pinot-controller. These credentials can be provided either as part of the job spec itself or using CLI arguments and as values (via -values) or properties (via -propertyFile) if Groovy templates are defined in the jobSpec.
Job Spec YAML
CLI Arguments
CLI Token
CLI Values
authToken: Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA
$ bin/pinot-admin.sh LaunchDataIngestionJob \
-user admin -password verysecret \
-jobSpecFile myJobSpec.yaml
$ bin/pinot-admin.sh LaunchDataIngestionJob \
-authToken "Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA" \
-jobSpecFile myJobSpec.yaml
# this requires a reference to "${authToken}" in myJobSpec.yaml!
$ bin/pinot-admin.sh LaunchDataIngestionJob \
-jobSpecFile myJobSpec.yaml \
-values "authToken=Basic YWRtaW46dmVyeXNlY3JldA"
Last modified 10mo ago