LogoLogo
release-1.1.0
release-1.1.0
  • Introduction
  • Basics
    • Concepts
    • Architecture
    • Components
      • Cluster
        • Tenant
        • Server
        • Controller
        • Broker
        • Minion
      • Table
        • Segment
          • Deep Store
        • Schema
      • Pinot Data Explorer
    • Getting Started
      • Running Pinot locally
      • Running Pinot in Docker
      • Quick Start Examples
      • Running in Kubernetes
      • Running on public clouds
        • Running on Azure
        • Running on GCP
        • Running on AWS
      • Create and update a table configuration
      • Batch import example
      • Stream ingestion example
      • HDFS as Deep Storage
      • Troubleshooting Pinot
      • Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
        • General
        • Pinot On Kubernetes FAQ
        • Ingestion FAQ
        • Query FAQ
        • Operations FAQ
    • Import Data
      • From Query Console
      • Batch Ingestion
        • Spark
        • Flink
        • Hadoop
        • Backfill Data
        • Dimension table
      • Stream ingestion
        • Apache Kafka
        • Amazon Kinesis
        • Apache Pulsar
      • Stream Ingestion with Upsert
      • Segment compaction on upserts
      • Stream Ingestion with Dedup
      • Stream Ingestion with CLP
      • File Systems
        • Amazon S3
        • Azure Data Lake Storage
        • HDFS
        • Google Cloud Storage
      • Input formats
        • Complex Type (Array, Map) Handling
        • Ingest records with dynamic schemas
      • Reload a table segment
      • Upload a table segment
    • Indexing
      • Bloom filter
      • Dictionary index
      • Forward index
      • Geospatial
      • Inverted index
      • JSON index
      • Native text index
      • Range index
      • Star-tree index
      • Text search support
      • Timestamp index
    • Releases
      • 1.1.0
      • Apache Pinot™ 1.0.0 release notes
      • 0.12.1
      • 0.12.0
      • 0.11.0
      • 0.10.0
      • 0.9.3
      • 0.9.2
      • 0.9.1
      • 0.9.0
      • 0.8.0
      • 0.7.1
      • 0.6.0
      • 0.5.0
      • 0.4.0
      • 0.3.0
      • 0.2.0
      • 0.1.0
    • Recipes
      • Connect to Streamlit
      • Connect to Dash
      • Visualize data with Redash
      • GitHub Events Stream
  • For Users
    • Query
      • Querying Pinot
      • Query Syntax
        • Aggregation Functions
        • Cardinality Estimation
        • Explain Plan (Single-Stage)
        • Explain Plan (Multi-Stage)
        • Filtering with IdSet
        • GapFill Function For Time-Series Dataset
        • Grouping Algorithm
        • JOINs
        • Lookup UDF Join
        • Querying JSON data
        • Transformation Functions
        • Window aggregate
      • Query Options
      • User-Defined Functions (UDFs)
    • APIs
      • Broker Query API
        • Query Response Format
      • Controller Admin API
      • Controller API Reference
    • External Clients
      • JDBC
      • Java
      • Python
      • Golang
    • Tutorials
      • Use OSS as Deep Storage for Pinot
      • Ingest Parquet Files from S3 Using Spark
      • Creating Pinot Segments
      • Use S3 as Deep Storage for Pinot
      • Use S3 and Pinot in Docker
      • Batch Data Ingestion In Practice
      • Schema Evolution
  • For Developers
    • Basics
      • Extending Pinot
        • Writing Custom Aggregation Function
        • Segment Fetchers
      • Contribution Guidelines
      • Code Setup
      • Code Modules and Organization
      • Update documentation
    • Advanced
      • Data Ingestion Overview
      • Ingestion Aggregations
      • Ingestion Transformations
      • Null value support
      • Use the multi-stage query engine (v2)
      • Troubleshoot issues with the multi-stage query engine (v2)
      • Advanced Pinot Setup
    • Plugins
      • Write Custom Plugins
        • Input Format Plugin
        • Filesystem Plugin
        • Batch Segment Fetcher Plugin
        • Stream Ingestion Plugin
    • Design Documents
      • Segment Writer API
  • For Operators
    • Deployment and Monitoring
      • Set up cluster
      • Server Startup Status Checkers
      • Set up table
      • Set up ingestion
      • Decoupling Controller from the Data Path
      • Segment Assignment
      • Instance Assignment
      • Rebalance
        • Rebalance Servers
        • Rebalance Brokers
      • Separating data storage by age
        • Using multiple tenants
        • Using multiple directories
      • Pinot managed Offline flows
      • Minion merge rollup task
      • Consistent Push and Rollback
      • Access Control
      • Monitoring
      • Tuning
        • Real-time
        • Routing
        • Query Routing using Adaptive Server Selection
        • Query Scheduling
      • Upgrading Pinot with confidence
      • Managing Logs
      • OOM Protection Using Automatic Query Killing
    • Command-Line Interface (CLI)
    • Configuration Recommendation Engine
    • Tutorials
      • Authentication
        • Basic auth access control
        • ZkBasicAuthAccessControl
      • Configuring TLS/SSL
      • Build Docker Images
      • Running Pinot in Production
      • Kubernetes Deployment
      • Amazon EKS (Kafka)
      • Amazon MSK (Kafka)
      • Monitor Pinot using Prometheus and Grafana
      • Performance Optimization Configurations
  • Configuration Reference
    • Cluster
    • Controller
    • Broker
    • Server
    • Table
    • Ingestion
    • Schema
    • Ingestion Job Spec
    • Monitoring Metrics
    • Functions
      • ABS
      • ADD
      • ago
      • EXPR_MIN / EXPR_MAX
      • arrayConcatDouble
      • arrayConcatFloat
      • arrayConcatInt
      • arrayConcatLong
      • arrayConcatString
      • arrayContainsInt
      • arrayContainsString
      • arrayDistinctInt
      • arrayDistinctString
      • arrayIndexOfInt
      • arrayIndexOfString
      • ARRAYLENGTH
      • arrayRemoveInt
      • arrayRemoveString
      • arrayReverseInt
      • arrayReverseString
      • arraySliceInt
      • arraySliceString
      • arraySortInt
      • arraySortString
      • arrayUnionInt
      • arrayUnionString
      • AVGMV
      • Base64
      • caseWhen
      • ceil
      • CHR
      • codepoint
      • concat
      • count
      • COUNTMV
      • COVAR_POP
      • COVAR_SAMP
      • day
      • dayOfWeek
      • dayOfYear
      • DISTINCT
      • DISTINCTAVG
      • DISTINCTAVGMV
      • DISTINCTCOUNT
      • DISTINCTCOUNTBITMAP
      • DISTINCTCOUNTHLLMV
      • DISTINCTCOUNTHLL
      • DISTINCTCOUNTBITMAPMV
      • DISTINCTCOUNTMV
      • DISTINCTCOUNTRAWHLL
      • DISTINCTCOUNTRAWHLLMV
      • DISTINCTCOUNTRAWTHETASKETCH
      • DISTINCTCOUNTTHETASKETCH
      • DISTINCTSUM
      • DISTINCTSUMMV
      • DIV
      • DATETIMECONVERT
      • DATETRUNC
      • exp
      • FIRSTWITHTIME
      • FLOOR
      • FrequentLongsSketch
      • FrequentStringsSketch
      • FromDateTime
      • FromEpoch
      • FromEpochBucket
      • FUNNELCOUNT
      • Histogram
      • hour
      • isSubnetOf
      • JSONFORMAT
      • JSONPATH
      • JSONPATHARRAY
      • JSONPATHARRAYDEFAULTEMPTY
      • JSONPATHDOUBLE
      • JSONPATHLONG
      • JSONPATHSTRING
      • jsonextractkey
      • jsonextractscalar
      • LASTWITHTIME
      • length
      • ln
      • lower
      • lpad
      • ltrim
      • max
      • MAXMV
      • MD5
      • millisecond
      • min
      • minmaxrange
      • MINMAXRANGEMV
      • MINMV
      • minute
      • MOD
      • mode
      • month
      • mult
      • now
      • percentile
      • percentileest
      • percentileestmv
      • percentilemv
      • percentiletdigest
      • percentiletdigestmv
      • percentilekll
      • percentilerawkll
      • percentilekllmv
      • percentilerawkllmv
      • quarter
      • regexpExtract
      • regexpReplace
      • remove
      • replace
      • reverse
      • round
      • ROW_NUMBER
      • rpad
      • rtrim
      • second
      • SEGMENTPARTITIONEDDISTINCTCOUNT
      • sha
      • sha256
      • sha512
      • sqrt
      • startswith
      • ST_AsBinary
      • ST_AsText
      • ST_Contains
      • ST_Distance
      • ST_GeogFromText
      • ST_GeogFromWKB
      • ST_GeometryType
      • ST_GeomFromText
      • ST_GeomFromWKB
      • STPOINT
      • ST_Polygon
      • strpos
      • ST_Union
      • SUB
      • substr
      • sum
      • summv
      • TIMECONVERT
      • timezoneHour
      • timezoneMinute
      • ToDateTime
      • ToEpoch
      • ToEpochBucket
      • ToEpochRounded
      • TOJSONMAPSTR
      • toGeometry
      • toSphericalGeography
      • trim
      • upper
      • Url
      • UTF8
      • VALUEIN
      • week
      • year
      • yearOfWeek
      • Extract
    • Plugin Reference
      • Stream Ingestion Connectors
      • VAR_POP
      • VAR_SAMP
      • STDDEV_POP
      • STDDEV_SAMP
  • Reference
    • Single-stage query engine (v1)
    • Multi-stage query engine (v2)
  • RESOURCES
    • Community
    • Team
    • Blogs
    • Presentations
    • Videos
  • Integrations
    • Tableau
    • Trino
    • ThirdEye
    • Superset
    • Presto
    • Spark-Pinot Connector
  • Contributing
    • Contribute Pinot documentation
    • Style guide
Powered by GitBook
On this page
  • External Dependencies
  • Pinot Modules
  • Foundational modules
  • Auxiliary modules
  • Extension modules

Was this helpful?

Export as PDF
  1. For Developers
  2. Basics

Code Modules and Organization

TODO: Deprecated

PreviousCode SetupNextUpdate documentation

Was this helpful?

Before proceeding to contributing changes to Pinot, review the contents of this section.

External Dependencies

Pinot depends on a number of external projects, the most notable ones are:

  • Apache Zookeeper

  • Apache Helix

  • Apache Kafka

  • Apache Thrift

  • Netty

  • Google Guava

  • Yammer

Helix is used for ClusterManagement, and Pinot code is tightly integrated with Helix and Zookeeper interfaces.

Kafka is the default real-time stream provider, but can be replaced with others. See customizations section for more info.

Thrift is used for message exchange between broker and server components, with Netty providing the server functionality for processing messages in a non-blocking fashion.

Guava is used for number of auxiliary components such as Caches and RateLimiters. Yammer metrics is used to register and expose metrics from Pinot components.

In addition, Pinot relies on several key external libraries for some of its core functionality: Roaring Bitmaps: Pinot’s inverted indices are built using library. t-Digest: Pinot’s digest based percentile calculations are based on library.

Pinot Modules

Pinot is a multi-module project, with each module providing specific functionality that helps us to build services from a combination of modules. This helps keep clean interface contracts between different modules as well as reduce the overall executable size for individually deployable component.

Each module has a src/main/java folder where the code resides and src/test/java where the unit tests corresponding to the module’s code reside.

Foundational modules

The following figure provides a high-level overview of the foundational Pinot modules.

pinot-common

pinot-common provides classes common to Pinot components. Some key classes you will find here are:

  • config: Definitions for various elements of Pinot’s table config.

  • metrics: Definitions for base metrics provided by Controller, Broker and Server.

  • metadata: Definitions of metadata stored in Zookeeper.

  • pql.parsers: Code to compile PQL strings into corresponding AbstractSyntaxTrees (AST).

  • request: Autogenerated thrift classes representing various parts of PQL requests.

  • response: Definitions of response format returned by the Broker.

  • filesystem: provides abstractions for working with segments on local or remote filesystems. This module allows for users to plugin filesystems specific to their usecase. Extensions to the base PinotFS should ideally be housed in their specific modules so as not pull in unnecessary dependencies for all users.

pinot-transport

pinot-transport module provides classes required to handle scatter-gather on Pinot Broker and netty wrapper classes used by Server to handle connections from Broker.

pinot-core

pinot-core modules provides the core functionality of Pinot, specifically for handling segments, various index structures, query execution - filters, transformations, aggregations etc and support for real-time segments.

pinot-server

pinot-server provides server specific functionality including server startup and REST APIs exposed by the server.

pinot-controller

pinot-controller houses all the controller specific functionality, including many cluster administration APIs, segment upload (for both offline and real-time), segment assignment, retention strategies etc.

pinot-broker

pinot-broker provides broker functionality that includes wiring the broker startup sequence, building broker routing tables, PQL request handling.

pinot-minion

pinot-minion provides functionality for running auxiliary/periodic tasks on a Pinot Cluster such as purging records for compliance with regulations like GDPR.

pinot-hadoop

pinot-hadoop provides classes for segment generation jobs using Hadoop infrastructure.

Auxiliary modules

In addition to the core modules described above, Pinot code provides the following modules:

  • pinot-tools: This module is a collection of many tools useful for setting up Pinot cluster, creating/updating segments.It also houses the Pinot quick start guide code.

  • pinot-perf: This module has a collection of benchmark test code used to evaluate design options.

  • pinot-integration-tests: This module holds integration tests that test functionality across multiple classes or components.

These tests typically do not rely on mocking and provide more end to end coverage for code.

Extension modules

pinot-hadoop-filesystem and pinot-azure-filesystem are module added to support extensions to Pinot filesystem. The functionality is broken down into modules of their own to avoid polluting the common modules with additional large libraries. These libraries bring in transitive dependencies of their own that can cause classpath conflicts at runtime. We would like to avoid this for the common usage of Pinot as much as possible.

pinot-client-api: This module houses the Java client API. See for more info.

RoaringBitmap
T-Digest
Executing queries via Java Client API